Root cellars are underground storage containers used to keep produce cool without freezing it, usually constructed in either a cellar or basement but can also be constructed outdoors directly into the ground either straight down or up a hillside. They range in complexity from simple designs made with dirt floors with walls surrounding it to prevent caving-in over time, including some with shelving built into them; others remain simply dirt. They may be used for keeping vegetables, fruit and preserves safe from spoilage or freezing damage during storage.
When planning to build your own root cellar, the first consideration must be its depth. In ideal situations, this should fall below the frost line – which refers to where soil freezes – though for warm climates it might need to go even deeper; when digging in cold climates be mindful not to hit permafrost!
Insulating your cellar properly will prevent cool soil temperature from penetrating the interior walls and spoiling produce too quickly. A variety of materials such as concrete or bricks/blocks may be used; always check whether or not they’re approved as food storage before making your choice.
Once the walls are in place, you should add a roof that can support the weight of your vegetables and other stored items. A slight slope would also assist drainage. Finally, ensure the entire structure is waterproof to avoid mold or mildew growth in any leaks that might form.
Root Cellaring: Natural Cold Storage of Fruits & Vegetables by Mike and Nancy Bubel remains an indispensable guide for creating a homemade root cellar. This book provides detailed instruction for how to store food without electricity, as well as temperature and humidity recommendations for various vegetables and fruits. While not the only book out there, this one serves as an excellent starting point. There are a wide array of resources online for anyone seeking to construct their own cellar, such as videos and step-by-step instructions. No matter which approach you take when building your cellar, keep in mind there will be an initial learning curve. Root cellars vary considerably, and to find what works for your products you will have to experiment. If this type of storage is new to you it would be wise to seek advice from your local extension agent; they could point you toward experts who can provide guidance as you discover the optimal ways to keep food fresh at home.